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Last update: Nov 17th, 2017

Lungs Anatomy | Shapes and Surfaces of the Lungs

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• Due to the elevated position of the liver, the right lung is slightly (= 5 cm) shorter than the left lung. The left lung, however, has less volume because some space is taken up by the heart.

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• Each lung is cone-shaped. The concave base rests on the diaphragm and the narrow apex projects under the clavicle.

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• A double-walled, fluid-filled sac called the pleura envelops each lung and aids in the ventilation process.

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• The anterior, lateral, and posterior lung surfaces lie adjacent to the ribs and are thus often referred to as the costal surface.

Learn respiratory system anatomy fast and efficiently with quizzes and labeled diagrams.

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• Between the lungs is the mediastinum. This large open space contains the heart, blood vessels, esophagus, nerves, trachea, and primary bronchi.

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• Along the mediastinal surface of each lung is a depression called the hilum (or hilus).

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• This is the region where the major blood vessels, bronchi, and nerves enter and leave the lung. Together, these structures form the root of the lung.
• A prominent indentation called the cardiac notch is also present along the mediastinal surface of the left lung. This indentation provides room for the apex of the heart.

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An Overview of the Shapes and Surfaces of the Lungs:

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Test yourself while observing the Shapes and Surfaces of the Lungs

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