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Nose and Nasal Cavity | Structure & Functions
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The nose and nasal cavity make up the first portion of the upper respiratory tract. Their locations and structures are best viewed when the head is shown in 
sagittal section.
The first portion of the respiratory tract is made up of the nose (or external nose) and an open inner chamber called the nasal cavity.
Protruding prominently from the face, the nose serves as a vent for air exchange.
Two openings called anterior nares (or nostrils; exterior nares) allow air to enter the nose and pass into the nasal cavity. Individually, each opening is referred to as an anterior naris.
Inside the nasal cavity, inhaled air is warmed, moistened, and cleaned so it can travel safely into other parts of the respiratory tract.
The nasal cavity also contains structures to detect chemical odorants and resonate the voice. After circulating over the nasal cavity structures, air passes into the pharynx through two posterior nares (or choanae; internal nares). Individually, each opening is referred to as a posterior naris.
Looking for extra anatomy learning tools? Check out this ultimate guide to studying anatomy.
An Overview of the Nose and Nasal Cavity:
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Vestibule Region of the Nasal Cavity
The vestibule is the portion of the nasal cavity that lies directly posterior to the external nares. It is lined by stratified squamous epithelium providing as a barrier that helps protect the vestibule from damage. A layer of mucus typically covers the outer surface of the vibrissae.
Turbinate Bones (Nasal Conchae)
There are three turbinates on each side of the nasal cavity (Superior, middle, and inferior). Grooves are found between the curved turbinates. During inhalation, air is directed over and under the turbinates. The surface mucosa conditions or prepares the air so it can safely travel into the lungs.
Supportive Cartilages and Bones of the Nose
The nose is supported by upper and lower cartilages along with the maxilla and nasal bones. A pair of nasal bones support the bridge of the nose and the medial plates and frontal processes of the maxilla bones support the sides of the nose.
